![]() M pos MAX - maximum positive midspan design moment assuming a simply-supported condition with no continuity for live load.M DL = positive dead-load moment with actual boundary conditions due to dead load only.LL = distributed live load (force/length).Pllf = Pattern live-load factor (0.75) specified in SAP2000 or ETABS.The maximum positive midspan design moment induced by uniform dead- and live-load application would be calculated as follows: Pattern live-load factors may be assigned to individual elements using the Design > Steel Frame Design or Concrete Frame Design > View/Revise Preferences command, as shown in Figure 1:įigure 1 - Pattern live-load factor Example ![]() Zero Pllf may be specified to avoid moment redistribution. As a result, positive midspan-moment values increase. Negative moments are then redistributed in a manner similar to that of moment redistribution from yielding. Pllf enables users to specify the live-load percentage applied to a frame object for which no continuity is assumed. While this does affect design moments, analysis moments are not affected. ![]() ![]() When nonzero Pllf is assigned to a frame object, positive design moments are calculated assuming a simply supported condition under live-load application. Since live-load pattern is not automated, Pllf approximates its design effect. The pattern live-load factor (Pllf) is intended to account for variability in the live-load arrangement on a structure.
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